IUML had to take its growth from the mass base it had in the southern states of India particularly Kerala and Tamilnadu. The saga of growth was momentous thanks to its prominent leaders, local opinion makers and ordinary people. It could virtually identify with the muslim masses and other backward classes and it became the political wing of the community.
The bi-elections in Ramanad and Manjeri of erstwhile Madras Province in 1950 was a morale booster to IUML. From Mmanjeri M.P.M Hassankutty Kurikkal was elected securing 7754 votes, against Congress candidate Palat Kunhikoya's 214 votes. This marked a second coming for the party and has since never looked back. From 1952 five Muslim League candidates from Malabar were elected to the Madrass Assembly. it is an irony of fate that the Congress which showed the audacity to brand Muslim League as a communal outfit, would never have come to power in Madras without the crucial support of the five League members elected from Malabar. These developments underlined the party's relevance in National politics.
Ever since the reorganisation of the erstwhile princely states of Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi as well as the Malabar districts of Madras to form the state of Kerala the Muslim League has been conspicuously showing its presence in the Parliament as well as State Legislature. B. Pokker Sahib had already been returned to the first Indian Parliament in 1952 from the Malappuram Constituency while Seethi Sahib, Uppi Sahib, Chakkeri Ahamed Kutty, Muhamed Shafi and M. Chadayan were from Malappuram (general) ,Tirur, Kottakkal, Perinthalmanna and Malappuram (reserve) respectively.
The concept of political alliances was experimented for the first time in India in the 1957 elections to the Kerala Assebbly. The electoral understanding entered into by Dr. K.B. Menon of the P.S.P and Seethi Sahib of Muslim League was landmark in the political history of Kerala. It was a clear manifestation of promoting communal harmony amongst the secular minded sections of the electorate while the community still retaining its identity. The concept envisaged in Quaide Millath's vision was becoming a reality.
In the meanwhile the communist government of E.M.S Namboodiripad was becoming widely unpopular mainly due to the regressive measures resorted to for suppressing political opposition under the pretext of single party rule.There was steady deterioration in law and order situation leading to a liberation struggle in state. The Central Government had to invoke article 356 of the Constitution to dissolve the Government and bring the situation under control. The congress, P.S.P and the Muslim League who were in the for front of the liberation struggle allied
themselves and contested the election in 1960 as a coalition. Muslim League, branded as communal by the Congress earlier, won 11 out of the 12 seats it contested. It was a monumental event in Kerala politics and the history of the Muslim League. The three – party coalition came to power and Seethi Sahib was elected as Speaker of them Assembly.
Seethi Sahib was acclaimed by the National Leadership as the one who gave a semblance of dignity to the seat of Assembly Speaker. Seethi Sahib however passed away in 1961 and C.H. Mohammed Koya was elected at the age of 33 as the youngest ever Speaker in any State Legislature in India. The vacancy arising from Seetie Sahib’s demise was filled by Mohasin Bin Ahammed who was returned from Kuttippuram Constituency. In the 1962 Parliamentary elections Quaide Millath and C.H. Mohammed Koya were elected to the House from Manjeri and Kozhikkode respectively. It needed a great deal of effort and persuation from the cadres to make Quaide Millath agree to contest the election from another terms since he was holding the view that his candidature would be mistaken for self interest and perpetuation of his leadership in the party. It was the altitude that made him to be considered as belonging to a species of genuine political leaders the country ever seen. Koya Sahib was also relinquishing the Speakership due to difference with the Congress and deciding to expend his enormous resourcefulness for the benefit of the common people. At a time when no single party in the state dared to face election on its own it was the privilege of the Muslim League to do so and win both the Parliament seats.
In 1965 Muslim League contested the election without alliance and no party was able to secure the majority required to form government. The Assembly had to be dissolved without a single session in sitting
Once again in 1967 Muslim League went to the elections as the major constituent of a political Front comprising the C.P.M, Muslim League, PSP, KTP, and the KSP. The Results enabled E.M.S Namboodiripad, who had blamed Muslim League for its communal stands, to form a government in which Muslim League was represented by C.H. Mohammed Koya as Education Minister and M.P.M Ahamed Kurikkal as Local Bodies Minister . Jaffer Khan from Mattanchery was designated Deputy Speaker.
The prophecies of the prophets of doom had once again been belied. Now that they were seated in the realm of power both leaders Mohammed Koya and Kurikkal unleashed a vehement campaign for the eradication of economic and educational backwardness among the down trodden people of Malabar in particular and Kerala in general. The formation of Malappuram district comprising the backward areas of Ernad and Valluvanad was a dream cherished by Ahammed Kurikkal for a long time and he strived for it till his death, which occurred on the 24 th of October 1968 Avukhader kutty Naha assumed Office as Local Bodies Minister on the 24 th of October 1968. The Malappuram district was officially formed on the 16 th of June 1968. the role of Muslim League in the formation of district in the face of vehement opposition from forces all over India is now part of history. Formation of the district provided a boost to education in the area on both lower and higher levels. Representation of backward classes in the services rose to an all-time high. Living conditions improved substantially while education became accessible even to the poorest of the poor. The vision cherished by the great leaders of the past was becoming a reality.
The E.M.S Ministry soon came to an end due to the corrupt practices alleged on the CPM by the coalition partners and the subsequent resignation of Muslim League and the CPI from the ministry.
Thus when the state was under the spell of political uncertainty and Presidential rule was the order of the day Kerala kept its hopes alive on Syed Abdurahiman Bafaqui Thangal. Thangal called upon C.Achutha Menon, who was then in Delhi as Member of the Rajya Sabha, to take over the reigns of power in Kerala as Chief Minister. Thus the Acutha Menon ministry assumed power on the 1 st of November 1969 heralding a new political experiment in India. C.H Mohammed Koya became the first Home Minister in India, who belonged to the minority community. Praises powered on him from all over India for the manner he contained Naxalite violence in the state.
In the interim election conducted on the 17 th of September 1970 the United Front emerged victorious with substantial majority of seats. Twelve seats won by Muslim League. C.H. Mohamed Koya and Avukhader Kutty Naha continued to be ministers in the new ministry while K. Moideenkutty alias Bava Haji was elected as Speaker of the Assembly. Around this time V.V. Giri contested for Presidential and won by a slender margin of votes. Giri expressed his gratitude to Quaide Millath for the crucial support given by the Muslim League. In the 1971 elections to Parliament Quaide Millath won the Manjeri seat with massive margin with more than one lakh votes.
Quaide Millath passed away on the 4th of April 1972. He shall be remembered in history as a great leader who instilled a feeling of security large sections of people who were destined to live like refugees in their own motherland.
Syed Abdurahiman Bafaqui Thangal assumed the Leadership of the party as its President. C.H. Mohamed Koya won the Manjeri seat in the bi- election in 1973. It was at the time when the election campaign was coming to an end that Bafaqui Thangal passed away in Saudi Arabia on the 19 th of January 1973. The Thangal was the first leader from the Malabar to lead the party at the National level and the main architect of the coalition politics in Kerala. He dedicated his life and work for the cause of the party and community to the end.
P.M.S.A Pookoya Thangal was then elected President on 23 rd of February 1973. Subsequent to C.H. Mohamed Koya’s election to the Parliament Chakeeri Ahamed Kutty was appointed as Education Minister. P.M.S.A Thangal died on 6 th of July 1975. The Thangal was the leader of the community at the grass root level and the first major leader of the party from Ernad who wielded overwhelming influence in the religio-political scenario of the state during his brief stint as the president.
Pookoya Thangal was followed by his son Syed Muhammed Ali Shihab Thangal, who continues to be the President of the party till now with the whole hearted consent of the cadres.
The dark days of emergency was came to an end in 1977 and elections were declared to be held on the 23 rd of March on the same year. The seven year long rule by C. Achuthamenon Ministry from 1970 to ’77 reminds as an unbroken record in Kerala history. It is also by for the best ever governance by any alliance Kerala has ever seen. The atrocities and the high handedness meted out by the beaurocracy during the emergency gave a landslide defeat to the Congress in the country with the exception of Kerala where the United Front won 110 Assembly seats and 20 of the Parliament seats. Sulaiman sait was returned from the Manjeri seat and G.M. Banathwalla from Ponnani. Thirteen of the Assembly seats were won by Muslim League.
The Karunakaran-led ministry was sworn in on the 23 rd of March 1977. The Muslim League was represented by C.H. Mohamed Koya, Avukhaderkutty Naha and Chakkeeri Ahamed Kutty as Education Minister ,Local Bodies Minister and Assembly Speaker respectively. In the wake of the controversy arising from the death of R.E.C student Rajan in police custody during emergency, Chief Minister Karunakarn resigned and A.K. Antony took over as Chief Minister. Antony also resigned due to the emerging political compulsions. P.K. Vasudevan Nair , leader of the second largest constituent in the Front , assumed power as Chief Minister on the 23 rd of October 1979. He also resigned following the controversy on Bill relating to the gift rights on properties.
The 12 th of October 1979 was a landmark in the history of Muslim League. It was on that fateful Friday C. H. Mohamed Koya was sworn as a first Muslim Chief Minister of the state. It was also an irony of fate that national politics had to be a silent witness to the political developments in Kerala. Heading for the leader of a party branded as a communal outfit in the country being installed as Chief Minister. It was a development which became inevitable on account of the nature of political crisis in the state. The land reforms (amendment) Bill was introduced in the Assembly by the Government. True to their nature the shanks in the opposition did use every weapon at their disposal to defeat the Bill. In the end the Chief Minister advised the Governor to dissolve the Assembly and for holding fresh elections. The Governor dissolved the Assembly on 30 th November 1979 , frustrating the crude designs of the opposition to form a Government of its own. C.H. resigned on the first of December 1980. in the election held in January 1980 the Left Front gain majority in the Assembly and E.K. Nayanar or C.P.M formed the Ministry. However two Muslim League members returned to the Parliament and fourteen to the Assembly. Soon after coming to power the Democratic Front as it was named restored to the anti minority measures which came under organised protest from Muslim community. This included picketing of District Collectorates throught the state demanding withdrawal of the draconian laws targeted against Arabic language in education institutions . Three young protestors Majeed, Rahman and Kunhippa lost lives in the police firing at Malappuram collectorate. In the wake of widespread public resentment the coalition partners withdraw support to the L.D.F and the Nayanar Government fell before completing a two year term in Office. Subsequently on the 28 th of December 1981 an interim ministry came in to being with K. Karunakaran as Chief Minister and C.H. Mohamed Koya as Deputy Chief Minister. Interim elections were then conducted on 19 th May 1982 and fourteen Muslim League members were returned to Assembly while K. Karunakaran and C.H Mohamed Koya continued to be the Chief Minister and Deputy Chief Minister in the newly formed ministry as well E. Ahamed and U.A. Beeran were also inducted in to the Ministry and Hamsakunhu made Deputy Speaker.
On the fateful day of 28 th September 1983 C.H. Mohamed Koya died at Osmania Hospital in Hyderabad. Millions of his followers heard the news with shock and disbelief. Among the galaxy of political personalities in Kerala C.H. Mohammed Koya was a star that shown over the horizon dispelling the darkness that spread over the society by a tragic turn of history. The juxtaposition of genuine humor and serious political thought was the hallmark of his speeches in the Legislature as well as in the public. To listen to him over a public address system was an insatiable experience from the audience irrespective of political affiliations.
Avukhadar Kutty Naha was designated as Deputy Chief Minister in the vacancy created by the death of C.H. Mohammed Kya. Korambayil Ahamed Haji was elected as Deputy Speaker following the resignation of Hamzakunhu. With the merger of the erstwhile A.I.M.L with the IUML The strength of the party in the Assembly came to 18 seats.
Indira Gandhi was assassinated on the 31 st of October 1984 and Muslim League once again showed its grit and mettle by retaining both the seats.
Sixteen party members were elected to the Assembly in 1987 when E.K. Nayanar found a government of the L.D.F. Avukhadar Kutty Naha died on the 11 th August 1988. Sulaiman Sait and G.M. Banathwalla were returned to the Parliament in 1989 election.
In the wake of LDF gains the elections to the District Council Nayanar made a crucial mistake of dissolving the Assembly a year before completion of the full term. Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated at Sree Perumbuthhoor in Tamilnadu during this election campaign. In the election that followed E.Ahamed was returned to Parliament from Manjeri and Sulaiman Sait from Ponnani while another 19 IUML members were returned to the Kerala Assembly.
In the ministry subsequently formed by Karunakaran Muslim league was represented by P.K. Kunhalikkutty , E.T. Mohamed Basheer, P.K.K Bava and C.T. Ahamed Ali. Seethi Haji was appointed Chief Whip. When Seethi Haji died on 5 th of December 1991 K.P.A Majeed became Chief Whip. The resolution introduced by Muslim League to protest the demolition of Babari Masjid and reject the Ayodhya package of the Centre was unanimously passed by the House. There were no similar developments in the other states. The muslim League was able to consolidate Muslim opinion on various issue throughout the country, including those related to Ayodhya debacle.
It was however really unfortunate that Ibrahim Sulaiman Sait, who adorned the Presidency of the party for two decades happened to fall under the spell of certain power circles and attempted to form a party to replace Indian Union Muslim League. His effort ended up as a big joke in the Party's history. Sait's efforts also highlighted the manifestation of organised extremism in one of its several shapes and shades.
The legislation for bringing administrative power down to the villages represented by the popular concept of Grama Swaraj enabled the party to achieve substantial gains in three-tier Panchayath election held in 1995. Karunakaran's estrangement in the political scenario of the state and A.K. Antony's elevation as Chief Minister are events that should be read together with the Muslim League policy in the state.
In 1996 G.M. Banath Walla and E. Ahamed were elected to Lok Sabha and 13 members to Kerala Assembly. UDF was voted out and IUML as a creative opposition played its role well.
In 2001 the LDF was voted out turning the events in favour of UDF with a huge margin of 100 seats in 140 seat Assembly. A K Antony became the Chief Minister. IUML has four members in Cabinet. P K Kunhali Kutty (Industries, Social Welfare and IT), Nalakath Soopy (Education), Cherkalam Abdulla (Local Self Government Department) and Dr. M K Muneer (Public Works) were the League ministers. The portfolios assigned to them speak volumes the importance and say the IUML obtained in Kerala politics. |